If more serious cleaning is required, then use a good jeweller’s rouge or jewellery cleaning dip. They can damage pearls and gem-set jewellery. A mild soap in water is usually enough to clean it. Remember the backs! Gently pat the jewellery dry. However, if your silver is gem-set see below for advice on specific gemstones to be sure what is safe to use.

Theoretically a perfect diamond crystal could be composed of one giant molecule of carbon. After the magma cooled, it solidified into kimberlite, where the precious rough diamond is still found today. It is the strength and regularity of this bonding which makes diamond very hard, non-volatile and resistant to chemical attack.

In most cases, these variety names are historical, as the gemstones were not recognized as being varieties of other minerals until well after the name was in common use such as aquamarine, emerald, and heliodor as varieties of beryl. And that is related to the third characteristic, ductility. You can see the options are endless and when you are commissioning a piece, why compromise a thing when you can choose!

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